These breathing exercises are derived from what is traditionally called pranayama (literally, 'regulating the breath').
Benefits:
Pranayama refines the breath and allows oxygen to circulate more readily. It energizes while also relaxes the mind and body. It creates balance in the physiology, improves nervous system functioning and benefit many specific organs.
Research on pranayama has found it to have such effects as reductions in bronchial asthma attacks, depression, anxiety and PTSD and enhances longevity. It increases vitality, improves cardiovascular stamina and efficiency, reduces blood pressure, reduces anxiety and neurosis and hostility.
How it works:
According to research normal breathing is dominated by one nostril, and that periodically (every 25-200 minutes) the dominant nostril switches. The two nostrils relate to the opposite hemispheres of the brain, and that brain hemispheric dominance also switches in a periodic rhythm, which is 'tightly coupled' with the nasal cycle.
In Ayurvedic terms pranayma creates refinement in the body by working on the most refined aspect of the vata dosha (prana vata). Since Vata dosha, which is responsible for movement in the body, 'leads' the other two doshas, pranayama settles, balances, and refreshes the whole body. Many people feel that effect when they practice it.
There are many different neurorespiratory integration techniques available for different diseases, body types, and purposes. After learning TM we teach a general, preventive technique which helps to cultivate the physiology for more refined experiences during meditation.
Taken from 'Ayurvedic Healing' by Hari Sharma & Christopher Clark see more
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